{"id":52848,"date":"2021-09-28T15:23:48","date_gmt":"2021-09-28T15:23:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/jak-funguji-kryptomeny-a-blockchainy\/"},"modified":"2022-05-02T13:09:34","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T13:09:34","slug":"jak-funguji-kryptomeny-a-blockchainy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/jak-funguji-kryptomeny-a-blockchainy\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguj\u00ed kryptom\u011bny a blockchainy?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kryptom\u011bna lze definovat jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a nefyzick\u00e9 aktivum, kde se kryptografie pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch jednotek a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed\/ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed transakc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje decentralizovan\u00e1 m\u011bnov\u00e1 kontrola, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u011bnu nekontroluj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 banky ani \u00fa\u0159ady. To lze vid\u011bt na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 fiat m\u011bny a norsk\u00e9 koruny, kde m\u011bnu vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 a kontroluje centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka.<\/p>\n<p>Jak ale kryptom\u011bna funguje ka\u017ed\u00fd den? To v\u00e1m vysv\u011btl\u00edme v tomto n\u00e1vodu!<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/kryptomena-snadno-vysvetlit\/\">Kryptom\u011bna snadno vysv\u011btlit<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h2>Blockchainy funguj\u00ed jako ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee kryptom\u011bna je decentralizovan\u00e1, kontrola nad m\u011bnou mus\u00ed b\u00fdt rozd\u011blena jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tento proces proch\u00e1z\u00ed blockchainy, kter\u00e9 lze pova\u017eovat za ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze nebo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihy pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 transakce.<\/p>\n<p>Blokov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce lze pova\u017eovat za virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed se z blok\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00fd blok obsahuje data a informace o posledn\u00ed transakci a tak\u00e9 o v\u0161ech p\u0159edchoz\u00edch transakc\u00edch v ostatn\u00edch bloc\u00edch. Bloky jsou tak spojeny dohromady v \u201e\u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Blockchain je odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di jak\u00fdmkoli zm\u011bn\u00e1m dat ulo\u017een\u00fdch v datab\u00e1zi. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bnit data, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 pozd\u011bji zm\u011bnit v\u0161echna data, kter\u00e1 byla ulo\u017eena, a to je v praxi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Pomoc\u00ed blockchain\u016f lze transakce zviditelnit v\u0161em v s\u00edti. Bude tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 sledovat jakoukoli transakci a v\u0161echny p\u0159evody budou zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1ny. Kdy\u017e je transakce zaregistrov\u00e1na, nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee k n\u00ed do\u0161lo.<\/p>\n<h2>Blockchainy jsou spravov\u00e1ny s\u00edt\u011bmi typu peer-to-peer<\/h2>\n<p>Jak funguj\u00ed kryptom\u011bny a blockchainy? Abychom tomu l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bli, je tak\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, jak se blockchainy ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Nen\u00ed to konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed nebo centr\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vce, kdo spravuje blockchain, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e peer-to-peer s\u00ed\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Na blockchainy se m\u016f\u017eete d\u00edvat jako na distribuovanou a distribuovanou \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihu. V t\u00e9to knize lze ukl\u00e1dat a ov\u011b\u0159ovat p\u0159evody mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi stranami.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky tomuto procesu jsou blockchainy velmi vhodn\u00e9 pro syst\u00e9my, kde \u010dlov\u011bk nemus\u00ed d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat spr\u00e1vc\u016fm dat.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What Is P2P \/ Peer to Peer Networking?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJIx3xhNmZc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Bitcoin jako prvn\u00ed s implementac\u00ed technologie blockchain<\/h2>\n<p>Bitcoin je zn\u00e1m jako \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00ed kryptom\u011bna, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i\u0161la na trh, a byla tak\u00e9 prvn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u011b implementovala blockchainy. Samotn\u00e1 technologie byla navr\u017eena ji\u017e v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, tehdy v\u0161ak \u0161lo pouze o teoretick\u00e9 modely.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/pribeh-kryptomeny\/\">P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh kryptom\u011bny<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<p>Osoba nebo lid\u00e9 stoj\u00edc\u00ed za bitcoinem vystupuj\u00ed pod pseudonymem Satoshi Nakamoto a nikdo s jistotou nev\u00ed, kdo bitcoin skute\u010dn\u011b vyrobil.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/koupit-bitcoiny\/\">Koupit bitcoiny<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>[etoro]<\/div>\n<h3>Blockchainy dnes vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mnoho kryptom\u011bn<\/h3>\n<p>Dnes existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f kryptom\u011bn, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed na b\u00e1zi technologie blockchain. Zm\u00ednit m\u016f\u017eeme nap\u0159\u00edklad Ethereum, co\u017e je po Bitcoinu druh\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kryptom\u011bna.<\/p>\n<p>Blockchainy v\u0161ak byly implementov\u00e1ny i v jin\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech a kontextech. Technologii vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 univerzity a ministerstva. Mnoho lid\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee technologie blockchain m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b zefektivnit ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/kupte-si-ethereum\/\">Kupte si Ethereum<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h2>Jak se tvo\u0159\u00ed blockchainy?<\/h2>\n<p>Blokov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce dostaly sv\u016fj n\u00e1zev, proto\u017ee jsou to bloky transakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny v nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec blok\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 takzvan\u00fdm rodi\u010dovsk\u00fdm blokem nebo rodi\u010dovsk\u00fdm blokem, co\u017e je blok 0.<\/p>\n<p>V bloku 0 budou ulo\u017eeny informace. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o jak\u00fdkoli druh \u00fadaj\u016f, ale zpravidla se jedn\u00e1 o pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed transakce typu \u00abA p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed 100 korun na B\u00bb. Po ulo\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed dat tohoto typu se vytvo\u0159\u00ed blok.<\/p>\n<p>Bloky maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 hodnoty notch, tj. funkce, kde parametry, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed, maj\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dat a funkce vrac\u00ed pevnou \u010d\u00edselnou hodnotu. Od zadan\u00fdch parametr\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 zp\u011btn\u011b po\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, je velmi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159ijdou dva r\u016fzn\u00e9 parametry se stejnou \u010d\u00edselnou hodnotou. Ulo\u017een\u00e9 bloky se budou skl\u00e1dat z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jedine\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 hodnota<\/li>\n<li>Hodnota z\u00e1\u0159ezu pro blok 0<\/li>\n<li>Hodnota vrubu transakc\u00ed blokov\u00e9ho t\u011bla<\/li>\n<li>\u010casov\u00e9 raz\u00edtko<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Jsou p\u0159id\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 bloky<\/h3>\n<p>Jak funguje kryptom\u011bna z hlediska r\u016fstu blockchainu? V blockchainu budou pravideln\u011b p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 bloky. U bitcoinu bude p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fdch deset minut p\u0159id\u00e1n nov\u00fd blok. Pro Ethereum se nov\u00e9 bloky p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t za minutu.<\/p>\n<p>V t\u011ble bloku dan\u00e9ho bloku \u00abB\u00bb budou shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1ny transakce a v z\u00e1hlav\u00ed bude ulo\u017eeno \u010dasov\u00e9 raz\u00edtko a \u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 hodnota (jedn\u00e1 se o jednor\u00e1zov\u00fd k\u00f3d). V z\u00e1hlav\u00ed bude tak\u00e9 ulo\u017eena hodnota notch nad\u0159azen\u00e9ho bloku &#8222;A&#8220;. Blok \u00abB\u00bb bude v\u017edy obsahovat hodnotu z\u00e1\u0159ezu z bloku \u00abA\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Jin\u00fdmi slovy, tvo\u0159\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce, kter\u00e9 budou ukazovat zp\u011bt na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed blok, a to je to, co vedlo k n\u00e1zvu \u201e\u0159et\u011bz blok\u016f\u201c.<\/p>\n<h2>Bloky jsou ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny uzly<\/h2>\n<p>Jednou z v\u00fdzev distribuovan\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed a digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn je, \u017ee je relativn\u011b snadn\u00e9 manipulovat s hodnotami digit\u00e1ln\u00edch dat. U tradi\u010dn\u00ed m\u011bny v centralizovan\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech to lze snadno zvl\u00e1dnout prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159et\u00edch stran, kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed platby.<\/p>\n<p>V tradi\u010dn\u00edch centralizovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech lze zkontrolovat, \u017ee m\u011bna nevznik\u00e1 jen tak z ni\u010deho. V distribuovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 t\u0159et\u00ed strana, kter\u00e1 kontroluje transakce.<\/p>\n<p>Tento probl\u00e9m \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u0159ada server\u016f, ozna\u010dovan\u00fdch jako uzly, ukl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed kopie distribuovan\u00e9 \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihy. Uzly ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed spr\u00e1vnost r\u016fzn\u00fdch transakc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Understand the Blockchain in Two Minutes\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/r43LhSUUGTQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>Doklad o pr\u00e1ci<\/h3>\n<p>Transakce mohou dorazit do r\u016fzn\u00fdch uzl\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010dasech. Je tedy pouze prvn\u00ed, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za skute\u010dn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Zde se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed algoritmy, jako je proof-of-work, kde server, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee indikovat, \u017ee k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed transakce bylo pou\u017eito ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed datov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za skute\u010dnou \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihu. Bitcoin pat\u0159\u00ed mezi m\u011bny, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed proof-of-work.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u011b\u017eba a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Pokud chce osoba A poslat pen\u00edze osob\u011b B, mus\u00ed osoba A pou\u017e\u00edt sv\u016fj osobn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d k potvrzen\u00ed podrobnost\u00ed transakce. Zpr\u00e1va obsahuje vstup o v\u0161ech transakc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 A p\u0159ijal, aby bylo potvrzeno, \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00e1 osoba m\u00e1 dostatek pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va tak\u00e9 obsahuje informaci o mno\u017estv\u00ed, tedy kolik chce A poslat B. Zpr\u00e1va obsahuje i v\u00fdstup ve form\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 adresy \/ kl\u00ed\u010de B.<\/p>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va je pot\u00e9 odesl\u00e1na do distribuovan\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b peer-to-peer, kde si t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i mohou ov\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee jsou v\u0161echna data spr\u00e1vn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/tezba-pro-zacatecniky\/\">T\u011b\u017eba pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h2>Shrnut\u00ed: Jak kryptom\u011bna funguje?<\/h2>\n<p>Kryptom\u011bna funguje odli\u0161n\u011b od tradi\u010dn\u00ed m\u011bny a ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je zalo\u017eena na vyu\u017eit\u00ed blockchain\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>M\u011bna je decentralizovan\u00e1 a blockchainy obsahuj\u00ed data o v\u0161ech transakc\u00edch. Douf\u00e1me, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 pr\u016fvodce byl pou\u010dn\u00fd, ale na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nemus\u00edte rozum\u011bt v\u0161em mechanism\u016fm, kter\u00e9 za n\u00edm stoj\u00ed, abyste si mohli kryptom\u011bny u\u017e\u00edt!<\/p>\n<h2>FAQ<\/h2>\n<p>[sc_fs_multi_faq headline-0=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-0=&#8220;Hva er blokkjeder?&#8220; answer-0=&#8220;En blokkjede er en desentralisert regnskapsbok som er digital, og som lar en spore, registrere og offentliggj\u00f8re transaksjoner.&#8220; image-0=&#8220;&#8220; headline-1=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-1=&#8220;Hvor kj\u00f8per jeg kryptovaluta?&#8220; answer-1=&#8220;Du kan kj\u00f8pe kryptovaluta hos kryptob\u00f8rser som for eksempel MiraiEx og eToro.&#8220; image-1=&#8220;&#8220; headline-2=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-2=&#8220;Hvilke bruksomr\u00e5der har blokkjeder?&#8220; answer-2=&#8220;Blokkjeder brukes innen kryptovaluta, men ogs\u00e5 innen forskning, utdanning og andre omr\u00e5der.&#8220; image-2=&#8220;&#8220; count=&#8220;3&#8243; html=&#8220;true&#8220; css_class=&#8220;&#8220;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kryptom\u011bna lze definovat jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a nefyzick\u00e9 aktivum, kde se kryptografie pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch m\u011bnov\u00fdch jednotek a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed\/ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed transakc\u00ed. Existuje decentralizovan\u00e1 m\u011bnov\u00e1 kontrola, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u011bnu nekontroluj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 banky ani \u00fa\u0159ady. To lze vid\u011bt na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 fiat m\u011bny a norsk\u00e9 koruny, kde m\u011bnu vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 a kontroluje centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka. Jak ale kryptom\u011bna [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8142,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3395],"tags":[1781,1703,1783,2014,1684,3403,3411,3407],"class_list":["post-52848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain-cs","tag-bitcoin-cs","tag-blockchain-cs","tag-ethereum-cs","tag-hornictvi","tag-kryptomena","tag-nalehat","tag-overeni","tag-peer-to-peer-cs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52848"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60976,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52848\/revisions\/60976"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}