{"id":53135,"date":"2021-10-01T07:12:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-01T07:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/blokove-retezy\/"},"modified":"2022-05-02T13:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T13:09:32","slug":"blokove-retezy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/blokove-retezy\/","title":{"rendered":"Blokov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud jste se n\u011bkdy zab\u00fdvali n\u00e1kupem kryptom\u011bny, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste sly\u0161eli pojem \u201eblockchainy\u201c. Blockchainy tvo\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00fd z\u00e1klad kryptom\u011bny a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zajistit, \u017ee platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky jsou anonymn\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ale co je blockchain ka\u017ed\u00fd den a jak funguje? To v\u00e1m nyn\u00ed vysv\u011btl\u00edme \u2013 co nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed!<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/jak-funguji-kryptomeny-a-blockchainy\/\">V\u00edce o blockchainech<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h2>Co jsou blockchainy?<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-15954\" src=\"http:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BTC-krypto-150x150.png\" alt=\"Kj\u00f8p BTC\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BTC-krypto-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/BTC-krypto-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>Blockchain je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed distribuovan\u00e1 \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed kniha, kde m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00ed\u017eet, sledovat a registrovat transakce. Term\u00edn je odvozen z anglick\u00e9ho slova \u201eblockchain\u201c a ozna\u010duje mnoho blok\u016f informac\u00ed o transakc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojeny.<\/p>\n<p>Pro kryptom\u011bnu jako je Bitcoin bude nov\u00fd blok vytvo\u0159en cca. ka\u017ed\u00fdch deset minut. V tomto se objev\u00ed \u00fadaje o v\u0161ech posledn\u00edch ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch transakc\u00edch. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m bloku budou tak\u00e9 \u00fadaje o p\u0159edchoz\u00edm bloku, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u0161echny bloky propojit do jak\u00e9hosi \u0159et\u011bzu.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Kryptovaluta - Enkelt forklart p\u00e5 90 sekunder\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/d6mIwNiZZdc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>Decentralizovan\u00e1 \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed kniha<\/h3>\n<p>Blockchain je tak\u00e9 decentralizovan\u00fd. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kontrola nad r\u016fzn\u00fdmi transakcemi nen\u00ed centralizov\u00e1na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bankou nebo jin\u00fdm vl\u00e1dn\u00edm org\u00e1nem.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00edsto toho je \u00faloha ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed distribuov\u00e1na u\u017eivatel\u016fm v s\u00edti. S\u00ed\u0165 se \u010dasto naz\u00fdv\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 peer-to-peer.<\/p>\n<p>T\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se ujmou ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed, se \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i. Kdy\u017e d\u011bl\u00e1te t\u011b\u017ebu, m\u00e1te obvykle grafickou kartu, kter\u00e1 se star\u00e1 o samotn\u00fd proces. Za pr\u00e1ci je \u010dlov\u011bk obvykle odm\u011bn\u011bn kryptom\u011bnou.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Transakce v blockchainech<\/h2>\n<p>Transakc\u00ed v blockchainu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159evod bitcoinu nebo jin\u00e9 m\u011bny mezi dv\u011bma r\u016fzn\u00fdmi stranami.<\/p>\n<p>Transakce prob\u00edh\u00e1 tak, \u017ee odes\u00edlatel ode\u0161le pen\u00edze p\u0159\u00edjemci, co\u017e se d\u011bje tak, \u017ee odes\u00edlatel podep\u00ed\u0161e zpr\u00e1vu o transakci sv\u00fdm soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem. Zpr\u00e1va obsahuje \u00fadaje o \u010d\u00e1stce, adrese p\u0159\u00edjemce (kl\u00ed\u010d) a z\u016fstatku odes\u00edlatele.<\/p>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va o transakci je n\u00e1sledn\u011b distribuov\u00e1na do s\u00edt\u011b, kde se t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i ujmou pr\u00e1ce s ov\u011b\u0159en\u00edm transakce.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak funguje ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed blockchainov\u00fdch transakc\u00ed?<\/h2>\n<p>Blockchainy jsou tedy distribuovan\u00e9, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a dynamick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihy nebo datab\u00e1ze. \u00da\u010detnictv\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed se v t\u011bchto datab\u00e1z\u00edch prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed uzl\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kryptografii. Uzly ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed v\u0161echny zm\u011bny a nov\u00e9 transakce.<\/p>\n<p>Uzel lze popsat jako po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kde jsou evidov\u00e1ny soubory s transakcemi. Dva t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i maj\u00ed obvykle stejn\u00fd soubor na sv\u00e9m vlastn\u00edm PC, proto\u017ee soubor je distribuov\u00e1n. Kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel provede platbu, informace obdr\u017e\u00ed oba tyto uzly.<\/p>\n<p>Oba t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i budou sout\u011b\u017eit o to, kdo jako prvn\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1te pen\u00edze (v kryptom\u011bn\u011b) na pokryt\u00ed transakce, a tak\u00e9 poplatek, kter\u00fd si t\u011b\u017ea\u0159 \u00fa\u010dtuje.<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed t\u011b\u017ea\u0159, kter\u00fd provedl \u00falohu, informuje o logice, kter\u00e1 byla dodr\u017eena p\u0159i ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed transakce, aby z\u00edskal Proof of Work. Pokud druh\u00fd t\u011b\u017ea\u0159 souhlas\u00ed, v\u0161echny soubory budou aktualizov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<h2>Bitcoin jako prvn\u00ed za\u010dal implementovat blockchainy<\/h2>\n<p>Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na blockchainy z historick\u00e9 perspektivy, Bitcoin byl prvn\u00ed, kdo zavedl a aplikoval blockchainy v praxi. Kdy\u017e byl bitcoin spu\u0161t\u011bn v roce 2009, bylo to p\u0159elomov\u00e9.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/bitcoin-pro-zacatecniky\/\">Bitcoin pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee s blockchainy se experimentuje ji\u017e od 80. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Byl to David Chaum, kdo jako prvn\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161el s my\u0161lenkou blockchain\u016f v roce 1982. Na tomto konceptu pak po 90. letech d\u00e1le pracovali W. Scott Sornetta a Stuart Haber.<\/p>\n<p>V roce 2008 za\u010dal Satoshi Nakamato pracovat na implementaci blockchain\u016f a v roce 2009 spustil Bitcoin stejnou osobou (nebo skupinou lid\u00ed). Nen\u00ed s jistotou zn\u00e1mo, kdo je Nakamato, ani zda je to jeden nebo v\u00edce lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Bitcoin pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 protokol Proof of Work, kter\u00fd jsme popsali v\u00fd\u0161e. Jin\u00e9 kryptom\u011bny mohou m\u00edt jin\u00e9 protokoly, jako je Proof of Stake. Tam bude horn\u00edk odm\u011bn\u011bn sp\u00ed\u0161e za snahu ne\u017e za pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n<h2>Blokov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzy maj\u00ed odolnost v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00e1m<\/h2>\n<p>Jednou z v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 d\u011bl\u00e1 blockchainy tak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdmi, je to, \u017ee jsou odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00e1m dat, kter\u00e1 byla ulo\u017eena v datab\u00e1zi (&#8222;\u00fa\u010detn\u00ed kniha&#8220;). V\u0161echna ulo\u017een\u00e1 data nelze zm\u011bnit, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 zm\u011bnit v\u0161echna ostatn\u00ed data, kter\u00e1 byla n\u00e1sledn\u011b ulo\u017eena.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What Is A Ledger? [Blockchain &amp; Cryptocurrency (Bitcoin, Ethereum)]\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OBSBu3afgeE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je v praxi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 data m\u011bnit. Pokud k transakci do\u0161lo, nem\u016f\u017eete tomu tedy nijak odporovat.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak se tvo\u0159\u00ed blockchainy?<\/h2>\n<p>Blokov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed ze s\u00e9rie transakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny do dlouh\u00fdch souvisl\u00fdch blok\u016f. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159et\u011bzce stoj\u00ed tzv. rodi\u010dovsk\u00fd blok, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako \u201eblok 0\u201c nebo \u201erodi\u010dovsk\u00fd blok\u201c. Kdy\u017e je v tomto bloku ulo\u017een dostatek dat, bude dokon\u010den.<\/p>\n<p>Bloky v \u0159et\u011bzci blok\u016f se tak\u00e9 skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z jedine\u010dn\u00fdch hodnot z\u00e1\u0159ezu, \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch hodnot a hodinov\u00e9ho raz\u00edtka. \u010cas od \u010dasu se do \u0159et\u011bzce p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed bloky. Tento \u010dasov\u00fd interval se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it, ale u bitcoinu se ka\u017ed\u00fdch deset minut vytvo\u0159\u00ed nov\u00fd blok.<\/p>\n<p>V t\u011ble bloku, tedy hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, najdeme v\u0161echny transakce. V z\u00e1hlav\u00ed najdeme \u010dasov\u00e9 raz\u00edtko, \u010d\u00edselnou hodnotu, kter\u00e1 je pou\u017eita pouze jednou, a hodnotu notch, kter\u00e1 odkazuje na nad\u0159azen\u00fd blok. Ka\u017ed\u00fd blok tak\u00e9 odkazuje na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed blok, tak\u017ee v praxi vznik\u00e1 \u0159et\u011bzec.<\/p>\n<h2>Zabezpe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159evod\u016f v blockchainech<\/h2>\n<p>Bezpe\u010dnost transakc\u00ed zas\u00edlan\u00fdch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm blockchainu bude mimo jin\u00e9 z\u00e1viset na digit\u00e1ln\u00edm podpisu, zn\u00e1m\u00e9m tak\u00e9 jako PKI nebo Public Key Infrastructure. Pokud vlastn\u00edte bitcoin nebo jinou kryptom\u011bnu, va\u0161e aktiva jsou ulo\u017eena ve va\u0161em soukrom\u00e9m kryptom\u011bnov\u00e9m kl\u00ed\u010di.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/kryptomena-a-bezpecnost-je-kryptomena-bezpecna\/\">Bezpe\u010dnost a kryptom\u011bna<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<p>Informace, kter\u00e9 ode\u0161lete, uvid\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemce a ostatn\u00ed v s\u00edti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm va\u0161eho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de. Transakce na blockchainech jsou obecn\u011b velmi bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1te velkou m\u00edru anonymity \u2013 pokud neztrat\u00edte sv\u016fj soukrom\u00fd krypto kl\u00ed\u010d.<\/p>\n<h2>Chcete si koupit kryptom\u011bnu?<\/h2>\n[etoro]\n<p>Blockchainy jsou fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad mimo jin\u00e9 pro kryptom\u011bny. S kryptom\u011bnami a blockchainy m\u016f\u017eete odes\u00edlat transakce p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016fm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm distribuovan\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze a t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i transakce ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Transakce na blockchainech nejsou centralizov\u00e1ny s \u00fa\u0159ady nebo bankami, a proto se \u010dasto naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201edecentralizovan\u00e9\u201c. Dokud jste dob\u0159\u00ed v p\u00e9\u010di o sv\u016fj soukrom\u00fd krypto kl\u00ed\u010d, p\u0159evody na blockchainech jsou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a u\u017eivatelsky p\u0159\u00edv\u011btiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes si m\u016f\u017eete koupit kryptom\u011bnu a vyzkou\u0161et si ji na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more-custom-link\"><span class=\"more\">tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/jak-nakoupit-kryptomenu\/\">Jak nakupovat kryptom\u011bnu<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h2>FAQ<\/h2>\n<p>[sc_fs_multi_faq headline-0=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-0=&#8220;Bruker all kryptovaluta blokkjeder?&#8220; answer-0=&#8220;All kryptovaluta bruker blokkjedeteknologi, noe som omfatter b\u00e5de Ethereum, Dogecoin, Monero og Bitcoin \u2013 for \u00e5 nevne noen.&#8220; image-0=&#8220;&#8220; headline-1=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-1=&#8220;Hvilken blokkjede er raskest?&#8220; answer-1=&#8220;Det finnes ulike typer blokkjeder, og Solana regnes for \u00e5 v\u00e6re den raskeste.&#8220; image-1=&#8220;&#8220; headline-2=&#8220;h2&#8243; question-2=&#8220;Hvem styrer en blokkjede?&#8220; answer-2=&#8220;En blokkjede styres ikke av en sentral makt eller bank. Det er brukerne selv som kontrollerer transakjsonene.&#8220; image-2=&#8220;&#8220; count=&#8220;3&#8243; html=&#8220;true&#8220; css_class=&#8220;&#8220;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud jste se n\u011bkdy zab\u00fdvali n\u00e1kupem kryptom\u011bny, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jste sly\u0161eli pojem \u201eblockchainy\u201c. Blockchainy tvo\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00fd z\u00e1klad kryptom\u011bny a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zajistit, \u017ee platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky jsou anonymn\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Ale co je blockchain ka\u017ed\u00fd den a jak funguje? To v\u00e1m nyn\u00ed vysv\u011btl\u00edme \u2013 co nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed! tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst V\u00edce o blockchainech Co jsou blockchainy? Blockchain je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed distribuovan\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15162,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3395],"tags":[2190,3898,1684,2524,3943],"class_list":["post-53135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain-cs","tag-bezpecnost","tag-blockchain-cs-3","tag-kryptomena","tag-kupte-si-kryptomenu","tag-ucetni-kniha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60970,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53135\/revisions\/60970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}