{"id":54262,"date":"2022-02-18T14:43:39","date_gmt":"2022-02-18T14:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/gudri-ligumi-viss-kas-jums-jazina\/"},"modified":"2025-07-01T00:46:21","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T00:46:21","slug":"gudri-ligumi-viss-kas-jums-jazina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/gudri-ligumi-viss-kas-jums-jazina\/","title":{"rendered":"Gudri l\u012bgumi \u2013 viss, kas jums j\u0101zina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kriptoval\u016bta ne tikai deva mums piln\u012bgi jaunu maks\u0101juma veidu. Tas ar\u012b deva mums vair\u0101kus jaunus j\u0113dzienus, kuru noz\u012bme bija j\u0101iem\u0101c\u0101s, ja v\u0113laties piedal\u012bties att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n<p>Saist\u012bb\u0101 ar kriptoval\u016btu nereti n\u0101kas dzird\u0113t t\u0101dus j\u0113dzienus k\u0101 blok\u0137\u0113de. \u0160is ir termins, kas attiecas uz tehnolo\u0123iju, no kuras tiek izgatavotas daudzas kriptoval\u016btas.<\/p>\n<p>Bitcoin <a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/bitcoin-5\/\">bija s\u0101kumpunkts tam visam <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> - Lv bitcoin 5<\/span><\/a> , ta\u010du galu gal\u0101 m\u0113s tik\u0101m iepaz\u012bstin\u0101ti ar\u012b ar kriptoval\u016btu, ko sauc par Ethereum. \u0160\u012b kriptoval\u016bta ieviesa piln\u012bgi jaunu tehnolo\u0123iju, ko m\u0113s \u0161odien paz\u012bstam k\u0101 viedos l\u012bgumus.<\/p>\n<p>Viedie l\u012bgumi ir aizraujo\u0161a tehnolo\u0123ija, kas s\u0101kotn\u0113ji var \u0161\u0137ist nedaudz sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta. T\u0101p\u0113c \u0161aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 m\u0113s s\u012bk\u0101k apl\u016bkosim \u0161o tehnolo\u0123iju.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jauks video, kas izskaidro viedos l\u012bgumus:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Kas ir viedais l\u012bgums?<\/h2>\n<p>Gudrais l\u012bgums ir l\u012bgums, kas tiek izpild\u012bts, kad ir izpild\u012bti visi l\u012bguma nosac\u012bjumi. Ja kaut kas ir balst\u012bts uz viedo l\u012bgumu un nosac\u012bjumi ir izpild\u012bti, l\u012bgums tiek izpild\u012bts autom\u0101tiski. Tas parasti tiek dar\u012bts decentraliz\u0113t\u0101 blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113.<\/p>\n<p>T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di m\u0113s varam apgalvot, ka viedie l\u012bgumi atrodas taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 iel\u0101 k\u0101 decentraliz\u0101cijas tehnolo\u0123ija, ar kuru m\u0113s iepazin\u0101mies, kad Bitcoin pirms da\u017eiem gadiem p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma pasauli un iefiltr\u0113j\u0101s cilv\u0113kos.<\/p>\n<p>Tie\u0161i kriptoval\u016bta Ethereum padar\u012bja viedo l\u012bgumu j\u0113dzienu pla\u0161i paz\u012bstamu, ta\u010du \u0161\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija tiek izmantota ne tikai saist\u012bb\u0101 ar kriptoval\u016btu. Tom\u0113r pie t\u0101 m\u0113s atgriez\u012bsimies nedaudz v\u0113l\u0101k rakst\u0101.<\/p>\n<h2>Ideja mekl\u0113jama 90. gados<\/h2>\n<p>Gudrie l\u012bgumi ir balst\u012bti uz ideju, ko var izsekot l\u012bdz pat devi\u0146desmitajiem gadiem. Pamatojoties uz to, ko m\u0113s \u0161obr\u012bd zin\u0101m, Niks Szabo n\u0101ca klaj\u0101 ar to, kas \u0161odien tiek atz\u012bta par pirmo vied\u0101 l\u012bguma defin\u012bciju. Tas notika 1996. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0101 vairums cilv\u0113ku zina, l\u012bgums ir vieno\u0161an\u0101s starp div\u0101m vai vair\u0101k\u0101m pus\u0113m. Niks Szabo \u0161o j\u0113dzienu apraksta \u0161\u0101di: &#8220;viena no stabil\u0101kaj\u0101m demokr\u0101tiskas sabiedr\u012bbas sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m, kas darbojas pareizi&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Ta\u010du p\u0113c Nika Szabo teikt\u0101, tradicion\u0101lajiem l\u012bgumiem ir neliela v\u0101j\u012bba. Tas ir t\u0101ds, ka \u0161o l\u012bgumu uztur\u0113\u0161ana pak\u0101peniski k\u013c\u016bs arvien gr\u016bt\u0101ka, jo m\u0113s atrodamies digit\u0101laj\u0101 pasaul\u0113. \u0160\u012bs probl\u0113mas risin\u0101jums bija saska\u0146\u0101 ar Nika Szabo viedajiem l\u012bgumiem.<\/p>\n<p>Viedie l\u012bgumi ir gudr\u0101ks tradicion\u0101lo l\u012bgumu variants. Niks Szabo viedos l\u012bgumus defin\u0113ja \u0161\u0101di: &#8220;digitaliz\u0113ts l\u012bgums, kura pamat\u0101 ir noteikumu kopums ar protokoliem, kas darbojas saska\u0146\u0101 ar noteikumiem, kad tie tiek izpild\u012bti&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intervija ar Niku Zsabo:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>T\u0101 darbojas viedais l\u012bgums<\/h2>\n<p>Da\u017eos gad\u012bjumos viedie l\u012bgumi var \u0161\u0137ist diezgan sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts j\u0113dziens, ta\u010du, sadalot to maz\u0101kos gabalos, j\u016bs viegli saprat\u012bsit, ka tas tik un t\u0101 nemaz nav tik sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti. Ar\u012b saist\u012bb\u0101 ar to, k\u0101 viedie l\u012bgumi darbojas praks\u0113 \u2013 vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101 veid\u0101 \u2013 var izcelt pa\u0161a Nika Szabo aprakstu.<\/p>\n<p>Saska\u0146\u0101 ar Nika Szabo termina defin\u012bciju redzams, ka ir j\u0101izpilda nosac\u012bjumu kopums, lai p\u0101r\u0113jais process var\u0113tu notikt. \u0160eit var vilkt paral\u0113les ar sam\u0113r\u0101 labi zin\u0101mu lo\u0123iku, ka &#8220;ja tas, tad tas&#8221;. Mums ar\u012b norv\u0113\u0123u valod\u0101 ir \u0161\u0101ds teiciens: \u00ab Ja A, tad B \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Izmantojot to k\u0101 s\u0101kumpunktu, m\u0113s varam tuv\u0101k apskat\u012bt, k\u0101dos citos kontekstos tiek izmantoti viedie l\u012bgumi. Nikam Szabo pa\u0161am \u013coti patika konkr\u0113ts piem\u0113rs, un tas bija par veco labo sodas autom\u0101tu (vai cita veida ma\u0161\u012bnu, kas kaut ko p\u0101rdod). \u0160is ir j\u0113dziens, ar kuru liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca cilv\u0113ku zina, k\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101t:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>J\u016bs ejat gar\u0101m tirdzniec\u012bbas autom\u0101tam un redzat kaut ko t\u0101du, kas jums pat\u012bk, un atrodat naudu, kas jums nepiecie\u0161ama, lai ieg\u0101d\u0101tos to, ko v\u0113laties. Naudu ieliek autom\u0101t\u0101.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0113c tam, kad esat ievietojis naudu autom\u0101t\u0101, j\u016bs izv\u0113laties v\u0113lamo preci. Tas var b\u016bt soda, uzkodu veids, da\u017e\u0101das z\u0101les vai kas cits.<\/li>\n<li>Tirdzniec\u012bbas autom\u0101ta iek\u0101rta v\u0113lreiz p\u0101rbauda, vai esat iedevis pietiekami daudz naudas, lai var\u0113tu jums izsniegt piepras\u012bto preci.<\/li>\n<li>Ja kronu skaits atbilst cenai, kas ma\u0161\u012bnai jums j\u0101pie\u0161\u0137ir, tas var iekrist l\u016bk\u0101. Tur j\u016bs varat to pa\u0146emt un \u0146emt l\u012bdzi, lai kur j\u016bs dotos.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ja k\u0101ds dom\u0101 teoriju, k\u0101 tas izklaus\u0101s? J\u0101, gudrs l\u012bgums! Kaut kas tik izplat\u012bts k\u0101 tirdzniec\u012bbas autom\u0101ts ir izveidots, pamatojoties uz viedo l\u012bgumu. Ir ar\u012b vair\u0101kas citas lietas, kur\u0101m var izmantot viedos l\u012bgumus, un da\u017eas no t\u0101m m\u0113s s\u012bk\u0101k apl\u016bkosim t\u0101l\u0101k.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0160im nol\u016bkam var izmantot viedos l\u012bgumus<\/h2>\n<p>Ta\u010du ne tikai saist\u012bb\u0101 ar bezalkoholisko dz\u0113rienu un da\u017e\u0101du tirdzniec\u012bbas autom\u0101tu ieg\u0101di viedo l\u012bgumu izmanto\u0161ana var b\u016bt aktu\u0101la. Viedie l\u012bgumi ir instruments, kas neap\u0161aub\u0101mi var atvieglot dz\u012bvi vair\u0101kos da\u017e\u0101dos veidos.<\/p>\n<p>Viedos l\u012bgumus var \u012bstenot, piem\u0113ram, vair\u0101kos ikdienas dz\u012bves aspektos, tostarp saist\u012bb\u0101 ar r\u0113\u0137inu apmaksu. Run\u0101jot par to, \u012bres maks\u0101\u0161ana b\u016bs labs piem\u0113rs. Nav svar\u012bgi, cik liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 jums ir saimnieka vai \u012brnieka loma; vieds l\u012bgums jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 dos labumu ab\u0101m pus\u0113m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Saimnieks un \u012brnieks vienojas par to, kuru nor\u0113\u0137inu risin\u0101jumu izmantot, un p\u0113c tam abas puses savieno savus bankas kontus ar \u0161o maks\u0101jumu risin\u0101jumu.<\/li>\n<li>Pa\u0161reiz\u0113jais maks\u0101jumu risin\u0101jums ir re\u0123istr\u0113ts viedaj\u0101 l\u012bgum\u0101.<\/li>\n<li>Viedaj\u0101 l\u012bgum\u0101 tiek saglab\u0101ta ar\u012b l\u012bgumam atbilsto\u0161\u0101 inform\u0101cija, piem\u0113ram, cik \u012brniekam j\u0101maks\u0101 \u012bre un kur\u0101 datum\u0101 katru m\u0113nesi j\u0101maks\u0101 \u012bre.<\/li>\n<li>Pateicoties viedajam l\u012bgumam, attiec\u012bg\u0101 summa katru m\u0113nesi tiks no\u0146emta no \u012brnieka konta un p\u0101rskait\u012bta uz saimnieka kontu, nevienai no pus\u0113m neko nedarot.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Viedo l\u012bgumu pla\u0161\u0101ka izmanto\u0161ana neap\u0161aub\u0101mi atvieglos cilv\u0113ku dz\u012bvi. M\u016bsdien\u0101s izmantot\u0101s sist\u0113mas daudz liel\u0101k\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 balst\u0101s uz uztic\u0113\u0161anos. Nav t\u0101, ka tur b\u016btu kaut kas nepareizs, ta\u010du viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana b\u016bs izdev\u012bga vair\u0101kiem procesiem.<\/p>\n<p>Viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana r\u0113\u0137inu apmaks\u0101 ir tikai viens piem\u0113rs. Ir daudzi citi piem\u0113ri, kad viedajiem l\u012bgumiem b\u016bs tikai pozit\u012bva ietekme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uz viedajiem l\u012bgumiem balst\u012bta balso\u0161anas sist\u0113ma sp\u0113s nov\u0113rst kr\u0101p\u0161anos un iedarboties prevent\u012bvi pret korupciju.<\/li>\n<li>Saist\u012bb\u0101 ar nekustam\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161uma p\u0101rdo\u0161anu.<\/li>\n<li>Viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana var\u0113ja b\u016bt efekt\u012bva saist\u012bb\u0101 ar to, k\u0101 organiz\u0101cijas tiek p\u0101rvald\u012btas un aizsarg\u0101tas.<\/li>\n<li>Viedi l\u012bgumi saist\u012bb\u0101 ar da\u017e\u0101diem procesiem vesel\u012bbas apr\u016bpes sist\u0113m\u0101 \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 efekt\u012bvi nodro\u0161in\u0101tu vair\u0101kus procesus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Lekcijas par viedajiem l\u012bgumiem un to, k\u0101 tas main\u012bs pasauli (no cien\u012bjam\u0101 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/\">TedX <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> - <\/span><\/a> ):<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Viedo l\u012bgumu priek\u0161roc\u012bbas un tr\u016bkumi<\/h2>\n<p>Iepriek\u0161 esam apskat\u012bju\u0161i, k\u0101 viedie l\u012bgumi jau darbojas praks\u0113, k\u0101 ar\u012b vair\u0101kas situ\u0101cijas, kur\u0101s viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana neap\u0161aub\u0101mi dos pozit\u012bvu efektu. T\u0101p\u0113c ir pa\u0161saprotami, ka viedo l\u012bgumu izmanto\u0161anai ir vair\u0101kas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana vair\u0101k\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s neap\u0161aub\u0101mi veicin\u0101s to, ka vair\u0101ki pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 eso\u0161ie procesi tiks sak\u0101rtoti, piem\u0113ram, saist\u012bb\u0101 ar r\u0113\u0137inu apmaksu. \u0160obr\u012bd cilv\u0113ks ir atkar\u012bgs no bankas, kas ir tre\u0161\u0101 puse, ta\u010du ar decentraliz\u0113t\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c tre\u0161\u0101s puses izzud\u012bs un t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di process tiks racionaliz\u0113ts.<\/li>\n<li>Gudri l\u012bgumi samazin\u0101s korupcijas iesp\u0113jam\u012bbu. Iemesls tam ir tas, ka, t\u0101 k\u0101 tehnolo\u0123ija ir decentraliz\u0113ta, process notiek nedaudz sav\u0101d\u0101k. \u0160\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija ir cie\u0161i saist\u012bta ar blok\u0137\u0113des tehnolo\u0123iju, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka, lai, piem\u0113ram, dar\u012bjums norit\u0113tu, attiec\u012bgais dar\u012bjums ir j\u0101apstiprina lielam skaitam lietot\u0101ju blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113. Tas ar\u012b samazina iesp\u0113ju tikt uzlauztam.<\/li>\n<li>T\u0101 k\u0101 \u0161\u0101ds dar\u012bjums notiek tikai tad, ja to apstiprina x lietot\u0101ju skaits, tas ilgtermi\u0146\u0101 palielina uztic\u012bbu visam, kas notiek blok\u0137\u0113d\u0113.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Papildus \u0161\u012bm priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m nedr\u012bkst par zemu nov\u0113rt\u0113t, ka ikviens ietaup\u012bs laiku uz viedajiem l\u012bgumiem, kas tiek ieviesti \u0161eit un tur. Un jums nav j\u0101uztraucas par to, ka izpilde ir aplieta, pateicoties tehnolo\u0123ijai, uz kuras ir balst\u012bti viedie l\u012bgumi.<\/p>\n<p>Bet pat ja viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana b\u016btu \u013coti izdev\u012bga, tas nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka tas ir tikai pozit\u012bvi. Tas, t\u0101pat k\u0101 daudz kas cits, var rad\u012bt da\u017eus tr\u016bkumus, kurus ir svar\u012bgi ar\u012b izcelt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Viedajiem l\u012bgumiem ir j\u0101darbojas saska\u0146\u0101 ar valsts likumiem un noteikumiem, un, t\u0101 k\u0101 neviens to nav m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jis, ir gr\u016bti pateikt, k\u0101 tas notiks.<\/li>\n<li>Nelielai k\u013c\u016bdai, piem\u0113ram, nepareizai kod\u0113\u0161anai, var b\u016bt \u013coti lielas sekas.<\/li>\n<li>Tehnolo\u0123ija, uz kuras balst\u0101s gan <a href=\"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/ka-darbojas-kriptovalutas-un-blokkedes\/\">blok\u0137\u0113de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> - Lv ka darbojas kriptovalutas un blokkedes<\/span><\/a> , gan viedie l\u012bgumi, ir balst\u012bta uz anonimit\u0101ti, un juridiski t\u0101 var b\u016bt probl\u0113ma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vai viedie l\u012bgumi ir n\u0101kotne?<\/h2>\n<p>Ir vismaz viena lieta, kas ir skaidra un dro\u0161a, un tas ir, ka sabiedr\u012bb\u0101 \u0161ur tur tiek izmantoti viedie l\u012bgumi. Bet vai kart\u012bt\u0113s ir tas, ka viedo l\u012bgumu ievie\u0161ana notiks daudz liel\u0101k\u0101 apjom\u0101, nek\u0101 tas ir l\u012bdz \u0161im?<\/p>\n<p>Nav nosl\u0113pums, ka Ethereum to akt\u012bvi izmanto, un arvien vair\u0101k uz\u0146\u0113mumu s\u0101k \u0161o tendenci. \u0160\u0137iet, ka viedie l\u012bgumi noteikti ir n\u0101ku\u0161i uz palik\u0161anu, bet vai tiem izdodas p\u0101rsp\u0113t tradicion\u0101los l\u012bgumus &#8211; raksta tap\u0161anas br\u012bd\u012b ir diezgan neskaidrs!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kriptoval\u016bta ne tikai deva mums piln\u012bgi jaunu maks\u0101juma veidu. Tas ar\u012b deva mums vair\u0101kus jaunus j\u0113dzienus, kuru noz\u012bme bija j\u0101iem\u0101c\u0101s, ja v\u0113laties piedal\u012bties att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101. Saist\u012bb\u0101 ar kriptoval\u016btu nereti n\u0101kas dzird\u0113t t\u0101dus j\u0113dzienus k\u0101 blok\u0137\u0113de. \u0160is ir termins, kas attiecas uz tehnolo\u0123iju, no kuras tiek izgatavotas daudzas kriptoval\u016btas. Bitcoin bija s\u0101kumpunkts tam visam &#8211; Lv bitcoin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,91,81,4,119],"tags":[4501,2387],"class_list":["post-54262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin","category-blokkjede","category-guide","category-kunnskapsdatabase","category-sikkerhet","tag-gudrs-ligums","tag-lietojumprogrammas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54262"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70571,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54262\/revisions\/70571"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kryptovaluta.info\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}